This evidence or explanation will find its grounds in the principle of sufficient reason. 2, AOK: Individuals and Societies: Supplementary Notes, AOK History: Thoughts on Systemic Racism in North America, https://open.spotify.com/show/1qLxnSGpz4EeLeWZqjXmwt, A Reading of William Blakes The Tyger: Technology as Knowing and Making, Deconstructing the November 2018 Prescribed Titles for TOK Essays, TOK: Deconstructing the November 2017 Titles, It is a logical relation between two propositions that fails to hold only if the first is true and the second is false; or it can be, Not having a complete personal knowledge of how the computer or hand phone functions is not really necessary unless they do not work and we must consult the experts to find out what has gone wrong. To what areas of knowledge do the images/objects you have chosen belong? For example, if we want our automobiles to perform at optimum efficiency, we are obliged, we owe it to the automobiles to maintain them properly. It is based upon the need to provide sufficient reasons (evidence) for the reality of the beings that are. In active experience, we go forth to look for something. They are the creators of the shadows within Platos Cave. Some discussion of the certainty and reliability of mathematical knowledge will be required. 34. 11. Your first step is to ensure that you understand what principles and key concepts are involved in the prompt you have chosen. 'Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs | Clastify Theory of Knowledge : TOK Exhibition Written Commentary. Whether we are speaking of the cherry tree in bloom in the streets or the David that was once hidden in the marble and now stands in Florence, producing knowledge involves a great deal of our time as human beings both in our work and our play. In the most general terms (and as a second order inquiry) the production of knowledge that results from such viewing is the determination of the being of things as objects. It is this that we call understanding. Logosis an assertion about something and an addressing of some thing as some thing. However, the heliocentric theory proved that the earth was spherical and the sun was at the center of the cosmos. why must a reason be explicitly brought forward i.e. That things are exactly measurable: this is a priori for mathematical physics, and this is what counts for mathematical physics. The prompt indicates that human beings live within grounds or reasons and we view the objects of our world in terms of possibilities and potentialities. Technology is a theoretical,not a practical affair. When we say that the objectivity of objects is based upon subjectivity we mean that it is not something confined to a single person and something fortuitous to their individuality and situation and discretion; it is not personal knowledge. What features of knowledge have an impact on its reliability? Sophia and episteme arenot opinion because they are already complete i.e. If you should chose this prompt, the manner in which you establish the relations that you believe exist between the three objects you have chosen will require the need to provide evidence for that relation. Our two latest AOKs were called Religious Knowledge Systems and Indigenous Knowledge Systems. Darwin and Nietzsche: Part V: The World as Life and Becoming: Darwin and Nietzsche: Part VI: What is Practical Need? Ethical obligations were called rendering what was due to some thing or another. The what, how and why of those changes in values and beliefs or what have become known as paradigm shifts in human being-in-the-world have brought about many consequences once they were established as our way of viewing and being-in-the-world. In this search, we tend to look for things or at possible things which are far away from us rather than at those things that are nearest to us. How might the context in which knowledge is presented influence whether it is accepted or rejected? With the knowledge that we gain from algebraic calculation, it should come as no surprise that what is called finite calculus was established by the founder of the principle of reason Gottfried Leibniz. After having fought a Revolutionary War to replace someone who they believed was a tyrant (King George III), he claims that the USAs founding fathers wished to replace one form of tyranny with another. when so much then so much. All dissemination of knowledge is, in one form or another, political since it deals with the community or the polis. The output that is looked for has already been pre-determined prior to the making or creation. There is no Greek world-picture: human beings are at the beck and call of Being. This word has only recently come to prominence (19th century) and yet even the Pope himself uses this word when speaking of how Roman Catholics should be in the world. What is considered unknowable is where the search for knowledge begins so that they can become known; but notice that they will become known as things. Thank you sm for this post!!! This is a challenging task and I've created a blog post explaining how you to get all of the marks on these here ). There must be a corresponding relation or reality of the book, the table and the books place on the table. CT 1: Introduction to Theory of Knowledge: Knowledge and the Knower; 10. The obvious answer to the question of this prompt is "yes", so in your Exhibition you will demonstrate what that knowledge is and how that knowledge changed our values and/or beliefs, presumably with regard to what was considered "knowledge" prior . Similar explorations can be undertaken in the areas of the arts, particularly the history of the development of the arts. 7. Our use of tools is primarily a way in which we enhance our sense perception as a way of knowing things in the sciences, but the things themselves must be determined as objects and therefore calculable and measurable prior to our use of the tools. Because reason is aratio,an account, if it is not given a judgement remains without justification. Your response to this prompt will depend on the areas of knowledge that you choose your objects/images from. OT2: Knowledge and Technology. Withoutphronesisone develops misperceptions of things. Our cognition, based as it is on the principle of reason, has great difficulty seeing and understanding this statement. She does not have the power within herself to restore health itself, but she can establish the conditions where nature restores the health required for the patient i.e. Technology istheoretical;the practical applications, its instrumentality, is secondary to this primary theoretical viewing. Knowledge as it is defined in the Oxford Dictionary involves facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. What challenges are raised by the dissemination and/or communication of knowledge? 4. The IB should make IAs a part of only HL subjects. According to Wikipedia, a good explanation is a set of statements usually constructed to describe a set of interpreted facts which clarifies the causes, context, and consequences of those interpreted facts. This description of the facts etc. Knowing the audience is the recognition that we are beings in bodies. Culture is a 19th century word and has come to prominence with the arrival and dominance of the Human Sciences as a way of viewing the world. For modern thinking, the manner in which beings are is as objects. What we call our knowledge requires that what we consider the knowledge to be must be rendered or handed over to others so that it may be justified and made secure. It is the Greek fundamental experience of the being of beings, which underlay, and gave rise to, both the subject-predicate form of their language and their conception of a thing as a subject with accidents. Experience, like all basic words, changes its meaning over history. It is what guarantees that something is firmly established, secured in its grounds of its place as an object for human cognition. In what and from where does our word values have its origins? Object 1: Heliocentrism theory changed how people perceive the universe. The IB is one such community. What this question is asking is can the knowledge that we learned changed beliefs or values that we were taught by our guardians since we were born in other words, the knowledge that we grew up on. It becomes something subjective. Modern machine technology looks to science, to scientific, empirical, practical, reliable, proven facts and is not guided by murky theory. We establish values for a reason, and that reason has to do with who we are. The Greeks, for example, did not have any values and the closest approximation we have to describe this situation is what the Greeks understood by virtue. Activities such as gene splicing to produce seed that will not reproduce, etc. Technology is the beholding of the essence of all things in advance (a priori) in the light of which human beings make and produce things and allows human beings to take a stand towards the things that are in the first place. Correctness is understood as the translation of the Latinadaequatioand the Greekhomoisis. An examination of what we understand as History can occur here. Technology as the principle of sufficient reason is the guideline that governs all our relations to beings including our practical relations. While language first has to do with hearing, its purpose is to make us see the thing that is named. There may be some dispute over the language used to communicate these conclusions, but this is avoided when the language used is mathematical calculus. The principle of reason operates in any and every statement that we make about things i.e. To regard moods or conscience as experiences ignores the way in which these moods disclose or how they open up for us our way of being in the world and our human being. There are many examples from the medical professions. A current example could be the claims made by Alan Dershowitz, a prominent professor of law from Harvard University, in the impeachment trial of Donald J. Trump. This choice of images or objects is your own, but the truth and knowledge in the representational thinking regarding their relation to each other will not be of your doing or making. Introduction- difference between values and beliefs. One of the obvious challenges in communicating and disseminating knowledge is translation. The a priori is not true or correct beyond the project which it helps to define: The a priori is the title for what we believe is the essence of things i.e. can new knowledge change established values or beliefs objects. how reality is conceived. Deformity of the soul is characterized by the movement of the soul towards something which it has established as its aim, the scope in the soul where the aim is sighted, but the individual soul is inadequate to the aim; it is unfitted or not suitable to the aim such as seen in the play Macbeth once again. This helps us to understand what Socrates meant when he said that the opposite of knowledge is not ignorance, but madness, such a madness as one sees in Macbeth at the end of that play. Our science as the theory of the real is just such a belief. If one accepts the premises, one must also accept the conclusions that are drawn from them. 27. The comment should also justify the inclusion of the object in the exhibition and explain its links to the IA prompt (i.e. For Plato, the truelogosis silent to the soul which does not have the possibility of hearing it i.e. Our doubt and skepticism, on the other hand, is spurred by the requirement of giving sufficient reasons for a things being what and how it is, and should these not be given, then the thing is not. Knowledge and politics Press to see Commentary 1 -The caste system caused a division between Indians. Judgements and statements are correct, that means true, only if the reason for the connection of subject and predicate is rendered, given back to the representing I. This object is included in this exhibition because it shows how credible an article can become based on an individual's beliefs or values. However, such knowledge has also brought about many ills and challenges that we are now trying to overcome and must overcome if we are to sustain life on this planet. The principle of reason states: nothing is without (a) cause or nothing is without a reason or nothing is without reason. It was the Greek fundamental experience of the being of beings which underlay, and gave rise to, both the subject-predicate form of their language (and, thus, our English language) and their conception of a thing as a subject (subjectum) with accidents (qualities, what we experience of the thing through sensory perception). Before the German philosopher Leibniz declaring the principle of reason astheprinciple, it lay in hiding in the darkness of our assumptions throughout Western history. This is usually done through reason as logic, through analogy or metaphor i.e. For Christians, the name of God is holy, sacred, and He is not to be named because to do so would turn Him into a thing. Does some knowledge belong only to particular communities of knowers? Certainly, any sane person will see the improvements in various technes or arts and crafts as improvements in knowledge. This can be done through perception and calculation. The doing of unethical or unlawful actions will become de riguer as they take their place within the worlds corporations. https://mytok.blog/2017/07/29/technology-as-a-way-of-knowing-computers/. How does the way that we organize or classify knowledge affect what we know? Technology itself is a disclosive looking and is not to be understood as manufacturing. We can look at our recovery from various illnesses to see improvements in health care and in the treatment of various diseases. Judgement itself is nottruth; judgement is only true when the reason for the connection is specified, when theratioor account is given. For more on the way of knowing involved in techne see the following links: Teacher This prompt speaks to the reasons or grounds that some actions should not be taken prior to reflection on their being undertaken presumably because the ends of those actions are not good ends.
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